CS-history.txt Tracking information from old documents Compiled by Elisabeth Porteneuve, October 2003 The CS was connected to EARN/BitNet on 11 October 1990, and .CS was probably added to IANA tables between October 1990 and November 1991. It could be as early as October 1990, if similar to .PL (the first Central European country connected to EARN/Bitnet), when connection to EARN/BitNet occured on 17 July 1990, and addition of .PL to the IANA tables on 30 July 1990. In May 1993, Milan Sterba wrote: Comment: during a transition period either .CS or .CZ may be valid for electronic addresses in Czech republic. Comment: a migration to the .SK top level domain will take place during 1993. 3 sources used: List of RIPE-NCC's documents: http://www.ripe.net/ripe/docs/alltitle.html Larry Landweber's connectivity tables, history of the Internet ftp://ftp.cs.wisc.edu/connectivity_table/ Polish Community occasional newspaper: http://www.ccwhois.org/ccwhois/cctld/PIGULKI.4.jan91.txt In addition, the RIPE-NCC document : ripencc.tracking.country-codes.txt copied here for historical archives purpose, dated 7 August 1997, http://www.ccwhois.org/ccwhois/cctld/ripencc.tracking.country-codes.txt quotes ISO3166/MA letters: Newsletter III-49, 1993-06-15 Slovakia added Newsletter III-50, 1993-06-15 Czech Republic added Newsletter III-51, 1993-06-15 Czechoslovakia officially deleted Excerpts related to CS and CZ codes (Czechoslovaquia and Czech Republic): 1. http://www.ccwhois.org/ccwhois/cctld/PIGULKI.4.jan91.txt 1. Frode Greisen, EARN President, obtained the US Department of Commerce approval to connect Eastern Europe to EARN. In a short period of time, 3 countries joined the network: Poland (July 18), Hungary (October 12) and Czechoslovakia (October 11). We do hope other Eastern European countries will join EARN soon. The EARN/BitNet arrived to Czechoslovakia on 11 October 1990. 2. ftp://ftp.cs.wisc.edu/connectivity_table/version_2 Version 2 - September 6, 1991 B-UF CS Czech and Slovak Federative Republic It means Bitnet/Earn, UUCP, FIDONET connectivity are active The dash on second position means no Internet TCP/IP. 3. ftp://ftp.cs.wisc.edu/connectivity_table/version_3 Version 3 - December 2, 1991 BiUF CS Czechoslovakia (Czech and Slovak Federal Republic) The small "i" means the Internet TCP/IP soon available for CS. 4. ftp://ftp.cs.wisc.edu/connectivity_table/version_4 Version 4 - February 10, 1992 BIUF CS Czechoslovakia (Czech and Slovak Federal Republic) Migrating from CS to CZ and SK: 5. ftp://ftp.ripe.net/ripe/docs/ripe-054.txt version 4 April 1992 An overview of East and Central European networking activities Milan Sterba, 2.7 Czechoslovakia A 19.2 kbit/s IP link between Prague and Linz (Austria) is operational today. The line is multiplexed and carries EARN and general IP services. An upgrade till 64 kbit/s is foreseen for June 1992. A second link, 9.6 kbit/s IP between Bratislava and Vienna (Austria), is shared between EUnet traffic and general IP traffic. Both links connect into the upcoming academic backbone network, FESnet. Contact persons: Jan Gruntorad - EARN director for Czechoslovakia and FESNET coordinator Ivo Smejkal - FESNET and CS NIC Pavel Rosendorf - contact for .CS top level domain Jiri Orsag - contact for .CS top level domain and EUnet Prague Peter Pronay - president of EUnet Czechoslovakia Gejza Buechler - EUnet backbone manager CS Vladimir Kassa - SANET (Slovak Academ. Netw. Org.) Jaroslav Bobovsky - SANET Milan Sterba - author of this report, FESNET 6. ftp://ftp.ripe.net/ripe/docs/ripe-074.txt version 5 November 1992 2.5 Czechoslovakia A 64 kbit/s IP link between Prague and Linz (Austria) is operational today. The line is full IP carrying general IP, EARN and czech EUnet traffic. A second link, 19.2 kbit/s between Bratislava and Vienna is shared between EUnet traffic and general IP traffic and IXI. The upgrade of this link to 64 kbit/s is planned for the near future. Both links connect into the upcoming national academic backbone networks CESNET (Czech Educational and Scientific Network) and SANET (Slovak Academic Network). Both networks are interconnected with IP links with the aggregate capacity of 28.8 kbit/s (19.2 kbit/s IP link between Prague and Bansha Bystrica and 9.6 kbit/s Prague-Bratislava). Another 64 kbit/s link should connect CESNET and SANET to IXI and the future EMPB. This line, financed by EC PHARE project for one year, will connect Prague to Amsterdam. Both CESNET and SANET are now setting up national backbone infrastructures connecting major academic towns in the country. 64 kbit/s lines are used wherever available and considered necessary, 19.2 kbit/s on all other links. The first protocol supported is IP. Con nected to the backbones are appearing metropolitan networks in major cities. The major coordinating bodies are CESNET and SANET where universities as well as Academy of Sciences, EARN and EUnet are represented. A good cooperation exists between both separately funded projects as well as good cooperation with ACOnet, EARN, EUnet, WIN, INRIA France and others. Contact persons: o Jaroslav Bobovsky - SANET o Gejza Buechler - EUnet backbone manager CS o Karol Fabian - SANET o Jan Gruntorad - EARN director for Czechoslovakia & CESNET coordinator o Vladimir Kassa - SANET o Jiri Orsag - CS NIC and EUnet Prague o Peter Pronay - president of EUnet Czechoslovakia o Pavel Rosendorf - contact for .CS top level domain o Ivo Smejkal - CESNET - user services o Milan Sterba - author of this report, CESNET 7. ftp://ftp.ripe.net/ripe/docs/ripe-086.txt version 6 May 1993, An overview of East and Central European networking activities Milan Sterba, Prague School of Economics, Czech Republic 2.6 Czech Republic A 64 kbit/s IP link between Prague and Linz (Austria) is operational today. The line is full IP carrying general IP, EARN and Czech EUnet traffic. A EuropaNet 9.6 kbit/s link has started operation in March 1993 (Prague-Amsterdam) as part of the one year East Europe IXI pilot. Due to low capacity of the link (64 kbit/s was foreseen by the project) the line is used only experimentally and is not available to CESNET users yet. The Czech Educational and Scientific Network (CESNET) has also a 19.2 kbit/s link to the Slovak Academic Network (SANET) connecting Prague to Banska Bystrica. Another low speed link connects Liberec to DFN as part of a regional network between Czech republic, Germany and Poland. In February 1993 CESNET has deployed its national infrastructure based on medium and low speed lines to 10 major academic cities (among them Prague, Brno, Plzen, Ostrava) where metropolitan and regional networks are being further deployed. In Prague some 10 major academic institutes are connected to the Prague metropolitan network by 64 kbit/s lines and others should follow. A rapid increase in number of connected nodes as well as international line congestion is the immediate consequence forcing CESNET to seek for increased international bandwidth. By now the network is fully based on TCP/IP. E-mail services for non-academic users are provided by the Czech part of EUnet (some 20 nodes). Connection of first non-academic users to Internet is under negotiation. CESNET doesn't have any formal existence yet and is based on a cooperative effort of several universities, the Academy of Sciences, EARN and EUnet and is financed principally by the Ministry of Education. The international lines and the national backbone are operated by Czech Technical University. A good cooperation exists between CESNET and SANET as well as with ACOnet, EARN, EUnet, DFN, INRIA France and others. Contact persons: o Jan Gruntorad - EARN director for Czechoslovakia CESNET project coordinator, Czech Technical University (CTU) o Petr Kral - CTU, CESNET network operations o Jiri Orsag - Prague Institute of Chemical Technology EUnet and Czech Internet Registry o Pavel Rosendorf - Prague Institute of Chemical Tech- nology EUnet and .CS/.CZ top level domain contact o Ivo Smejkal - Prague School of Economics, CESNET user services coordination o Milan Sterba - Prague School of Economics author of this report, RIPE o Pavel Vachek - CTU, CESNET Comment: during a transition period either .CS or .CZ may be valid for electronic addresses in Czech republic. .... 2.10 Slovakia A 19.2 kbit/s X.25 link between Bratislava and Vienna connects the Slovak Academic Network (SANET) to the Internet. It is shared between EUnet traffic, general IP traffic and IXI. The upgrade of this link to 64 kbit/s is planned for the near future. Another 19.2 kbit/s inter- national IP link connects SANET in Banska Bystrica to CESNET in Prague and further to Internet. An upgrade of SANET-CESNET connection to 64 kbit/s is planned. Negotiations are underway on Slovakia joining the East European IXI pilot. On national scale the SANET infrastructure reaches some 10 major academic cities in Slovakia using mostly 19.2 kbit/s lines, with central nodes in Banska Bystrica and Bratislava. A 64 kbit/s backbone is being build between Bratislava, Banska Bystrica and Kosice. Academic networking in Slovakia is coordinated by the SANET association. A good cooperation exists between SANET and EUnet as non-academic service provider as well as with CESNET in Czechia and ACOnet in Austria. Contact persons: o Jaroslav Bobovsky - SANET o Gejza Buechler - EUnet backbone manager o Karol Fabian - SANET o Pavol Horvath - SANET President o Vladimir Kassa - SANET o Peter Pronay - president of EUnet Slovakia Comment: a migration to the .SK top level domain will take place during 1993.